The cycles of political image crisis
concept, measurement and analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21878/compolitica.2019.9.3.278Keywords:
Ciclos de crise de imagem política, imprensa, Dilma Rousseff.Abstract
This paper proposes conceptual and operational definitions for cycles of political image crisis (CCI-pols, in portuguese), events of overexposure of an authority’s image associated with reprehensible facts, that threaten its individual reputation and, indirectly, that of its hierarchical superior. The CCI-pols are based on the contributions of Downs (1972) on the issue-attention cycles and of Thompson (2000) on "political scandals". During Dilma Rousseff’s first term (2011-2014), 40 cycles were detected. Linear regression analyzes suggest that they were more intense and lasting when the minister was from a left-wing ally party, embroiled in conflict of interest, at the beginning of Dilma Rousseff's term; they were more intense when he was a politician and more lasting when the minister was exposed to a CCI-pol for the first time.
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ZALLER, John R. The nature and origins of mass opinion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1992.
ALDÉ, Alessandra. A Construção da Política: Democracia, Cidadania e Meios de Comunicação de Massa. Rio de Janeiro: Editora FGV. 2004.
BENNETT, W. Lance; ENTMAN, Robert M. (Eds.) Mediated Politics: Communication in the Future of Democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2001.
BOURDIEU, Pierre. A Representação Política. Elementos para uma teoria do campo político. In: O poder simbólico. Lisboa: Difel. 1986.
BOWLER, Shaun e Jeffrey A. KARP. Politicians, Scandals, and Trust in Government. Political Behavior, vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 271-287. 2004.
CAMERLO, M., PEREZ LIÑÁN, A. Minister turnover, critical events and the electoral calendar in presidential democracies (Working Papers ICS 2). Lisboa: Instituto de Ciências Sociais. 2013.
CHAIA, Vera e Marco Antonio TEIXEIRA. Democracia e Escândalos Políticos. São Paulo em Perspectiva, 15(4), pp. 62-75. 2001.
CLARKE, Harold D., Marianne C. STEWART e Paul F. WHITELEY. New Models for New Labour: The Political Economy of Labour Party Support. The American Political Science Review, Vol. 92, No. 3, pp. 559-575. 1998.
COOK, Timothy E. Governing with The News: The News Media as a Political Institution. Chicago & London: The University of Chicago Press. 1998.
DEWAN, Torun e David P. MYATT. Scandal, Protection, and Recovery in the Cabinet. American Political Science Review, Vol. 101, No. 1, pp. 63-77. 2007.
DOWNS, A. Up and down with Ecology-the Issue-Attention Cycle. The Public Interest, 28, 38-50. 1972.
Fsb. Mídia e Política 2016. Brasília: FSB Comunicações. 2016.
G1. Dilma diz que não demite ministro com base na imprensa. Publicado em 30/06/2015. Consultado em 30 de janeiro de 2019. 2015.
IYENGAR, Shanto; McGRADY, Jennifer A. Media Politics: A Citizen's Guide. New York & London: W.W. Norton & Company. 2007.
JAMIESON, Kathleen H. Packaging the Presidency: A History and Criticism of Presidential Campaign Advertising. New York: Oxford University Press. 1984.
KERNELL, Samuel. Going Public: New Strategies of Presidential Leadership. 3a Edição. Washington: CQ Press. 1997.
KOVACH, B., & ROSENSTIEL, T. The elements of journalism: what newspeople should know and the public should expect. New York, Crown Publishers. 2001.
LANOUE, David J. e Barbara HEADRICK. Prime Ministers, Parties, and the Public: The Dynamics of Government Popularity in Great Britain. The Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 58, No. 2, pp. 191-209. 1994.
MANIN, Bernard. The Principles of Representative Government. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1998.
McCOMBS, M.; SHAW, D.L.; WEAVER, D. Communication and Democracy: Exploring the Intelectual Frontiers in Agenda-Setting Theory. Mahwah: Lawrance Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. 1997.
MIGUEL, L.F.; BIROLI, F. "Comunicação e política: um campo de estudos e seus desdobramentos no Brasil". In: Mídia, Representação e Democracia. Pp. 7-24. 2010.
MUNDIM, Pedro. Imprensa e Voto nas Eleições Presidenciais Brasileiras de 2002 e 2006. Goiânia: Editora UFG. 2013.
PATTERSON, Thomas E. "Political Roles of the Journalist." In Graber, D.; McQUAIL, D.; NORRIS, P.: The Politics of News: The News of Politics. Washington: CQ Press. Pp. 17-32. 1998.
PFAU, Michael; HOUSTON, Brian; SEMMLER, Shane M. Mediating the Vote: The Changing Media Landscape in U.S. Presidential Campaigns. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. 2007.
PRIOR, Markus. Post-Broadcast Democracy: How Media Choice Increases Inequality in Political Involvement and Polarizes Elections. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2007.
PUGLISI, Riccardo e James M. SNYDER, Jr. Newspaper Coverage of Political Scandals. The Journal of Politics, vol. 73, No. 3, pp. 931-950. 2011.
SABATO, L.J.; STENCEL, M.; LICHTER, S.R. Peep Show: Media and Politics in an Age of Scandal. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. 2000.
SCHIFFER, Adam J. Conditional Press Influence in Politics. Lanham: Lexington Books. 2008.
SHUDSON, Michael. The Power of News. London: Harvard University Press. 1995.
SPARROW, Bartholomew H. Uncertain Guardians: The News Media as a Political Institution. Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 1999.
THOMPSON, John B. Political scandal: power and visibility in the media age. Cambridge: Polity Press. 2000.
TUMBER, Howard. Scandal and Media in the United Kingdom : From Major to Blair. American Behavioral Scientist, vol. 47, No. 8, pp 1122-1137. 2004.
VEJA. Entrevista com o ex-presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Edição 1629, de 22 de dezembro de 1999.
WILLIAMS, Robert. Political Scandals in the USA. Edinburgh: Keele University Press. 1998.
YOUNG, Sally. Government Communication in Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2007.
ZALLER, John R. The nature and origins of mass opinion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1992.
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Published
2019-12-30
How to Cite
Gramacho, W. G. (2019). The cycles of political image crisis: concept, measurement and analysis. Compolítica, 9(3), 5–38. https://doi.org/10.21878/compolitica.2019.9.3.278
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